Manatees IELTS Reading with Answers

Manatees IELTS Reading with Answers

The IELTS Academic Reading Test challenges candidates with diverse topics, ranging from science to culture. In this article, you’ll find a complete practice passage titled Manatees, a fascinating text about these gentle aquatic mammals. The passage is followed by a set of IELTS-style questions and accurate answers, designed to help you understand common question types and improve your reading comprehension skills.

Whether you’re targeting Band 7 or above, this passage will give you a solid practice experience aligned with the real IELTS exam.

READING PASSAGE 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Question 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

Manatees

Manatees, also known as sea cows, are aquatic mammals that belong to a group of animals called Sirenia. This group also contains dugongs. Dugongs and manatees look quite alike -they are similar in size, colour and shape, and both have flexible flippers for forelimbs. However, the manatee has a broad, rounded tail, whereas the dugongs is fluked, like that of a whale. There are three species of manatees: the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus), the African manatee (Trichechus senegalensis) and the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus in unguis).

Unlike most mammals, manatees have only six bones in their neck – most others, including humans and giraffes, have seven. This short neck allows a manatee to move its head up and down, but not side to side. To see something on its left or its right, a manatee must tum its entire body, steering with its flippers. Manatees have pectoral flippers but no back limbs, only a tail for propulsion. They do have pelvic bones, however – a leftover from their evolution from a four-legged to a fully aquatic animal. Manatees share some visual similarities to elephants. Like elephants, manatees have thick, wrinkled skin. They also have some hairs covering their bodies which help them sense vibrations in the water around them.

Seagrasses and other marine plants make up most of a manatee’s diet. Manatees spend about eight hours each day grazing and uprooting plants. They eat up to 15% of their weight in food each day. African manatees are omnivorous – studies have shown that molluscs and fish make up a small part of their diets. West Indian and Amazonian manatees are both herbivores.

Manatees’ teeth are all molars -flat, rounded teeth for grinding food. Due to manatees’ abrasive aquatic plant diet, these teeth get worn down and they eventually fall out, so they continually grow new teeth that get pushed forward to replace the ones they lose. Instead of having incisors to grasp their food, manatees have lips which function like a pair of hands to help tear food away from the seafloor.

Manatees are fully aquatic, but as mammals, they need to come up to the surface to breathe. When awake, they typically surface every two to four minutes, but they can hold their breath for much longer. Adult manatees sleep underwater for 10-12 hours a day, but they come up for air every 15-20 minutes. Active manatees need to breathe more frequently. It’s thought that manatees use their muscular diaphragm and breathing to adjust their buoyancy. They may use diaphragm contractions to compress and store gas in folds in their large intestine to help them float.

The West Indian manatee reaches about 3.5 metros long and weighs on average around 500 kilo grammes. It moves between fresh water and salt water, taking advantage of coastal mangroves and coral reefs, rivers, lakes and inland lagoons. There are two subspecies of West Indian manatee: the Antillean manatee is found in waters from the Bahamas to Brazil, whereas the Florida manatee is found in US waters, although some individuals have been recorded in the Bahamas. In winter, the Florida manatee is typically restricted to Florida. When the ambient water temperature drops below 20°C, it takes reliige in naturally and artificially warmed water, such as at the warm-water outfalls from powerplants.

The African manatee is also about 3.5 metros long and found in the sea along the west coast of Africa, from Mauritania down to Angola. The species also makes use of rivers, with the mammals seen in landlocked countries such as Mali and Niger. The Amazonian manatee is the smallest species, though it is still a big animal. It grows to about 2.5 metros long and 350 kilo grammes. Amazonian manatees favour calm, shallow waters that are above 23°C This species is found in fresh water in the Amazon Basin in Brazil, as well as in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

All three manatee species are endangered or at a heightened risk of extinction. The African manatee and Amazonian manatee are both listed as Vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It is estimated that 140,000 Amazonian manatees were killed between 1935 and 1954 for their meat, fat and skin, with the latter used to make leather. In more recent years, African manatee decline has been tied to incidental capture in fishing nets and hunting. Manatee hunting is now illegal in every country the African species is found in.

The two subspecies of West Indian manatee are listed as Endangered by the IUCN. Both are also expected to undergo a decline of20° over the next 40 years. A review of almost 1,800 cases of entanglement in fishing nets and of plastic consumption among marine mammals in US waters from 2009 to 2020 found that at least 700 cases involved manatees. The chief cause of death in Florida manatees is boat strikes. However, laws in certain parts of Florida now limit boat speeds during winter, allowing slow-moving manatees more time to respond.

Questions 1-6
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

Appearance
. look similar to dugongs, but with a differently shaped 1_______
Movement
. have fewer neck bones than most mammals
. need to use their 2_______ to help to turn their bodies around in order
to look sideways
. sense vibrations in the water by means of 3_______ on their skin
Feeding
. eat mainly aquatic vegetation, such as 4_______
. grasp and pull up plants with their 5_______

Breathing
. come to the surface for air every 2-4 minutes when awake and every 15-20 while
sleeping
. may regulate the 6_______ of their bodies by using muscles of
diaphragm to store air internally

Questions 7-73
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE  if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE  if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN  if there is no information on this

7. West Indian manatees can be found in a variety of different aquatic habitats.
8. The Florida manatee lives in warmer waters than the Antillean manatee.
9 The African manatee’s range is limited to coastal waters between the West African countries of Mauritania and Angola.
10 The extent of the loss of Amazonian manatees in the mid-twentieth century was only revealed many years later.
11 It is predicted that West Indian manatee populations will fall in the coming decades.
12 The risk to manatees from entanglement and plastic consumption increased significantly in the period 2009-2020.
13 There is some legislation in place which aims to reduce the likelihood of boat strikes on manatees in Florida.

Manatees Reading Answers

1. FALSE
2. FALSE
3. NOT GIVEN
4. FALSE
5. NOT GIVEN
6. TRUE
7. TRUE
8. Paint
9. Topspin
10.  Training
11.  Intestines / Gut
12.  Weights
13. Grips

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